Bisphenol A interferes with first shell formation and development of the serotoninergic system in early larval stages of Mytilus galloprovincialis

Bisphenol A-BPA, a widespread plastic additive, is an emerging contaminant of high concern and potential endocrine disruptor in mammals. BPA also represents threat for aquatic species, especially larval stages. In the marine bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis, has been previously shown to affect early development gene transcription. this work, effects (0.05–0.5–5 ?M) were further investigated at different times post fertilization (24–28–32–48 hpf). induced concentration-dependent alterations deposition organic matrix calcified shell stages, as by double calcofluor/calcein staining, resulting altered phenotypes 48hpf. Transcription Tyrosinase-TYR, that plays key role remodelling matrix, HOX1, member homeobox genes involved formation neurogenesis, evaluated Situ Hybrydization-ISH. spatial pattern expression both genes, with distinct depending on concentration developmental stage. Moreover, affected time course mRNA levels TYR from 24 impaired serotonin-5-HT-immunoreactive neurons pf; 48hpf, reduction number serotoninergic was associated delay downregulation 5-HT receptor-5-HTR. All observed lowest tested, corresponding detectable contaminated coastal waters. These data demonstrate interferes processes occurring during first stages mussels, thus representing natural populations.